Tumour lysis syndrome

Introduction to Tumour lysis syndrome

Welcome to the Tumour lysis syndrome subsection of the Haematology for the MSRA course.

This section is designed to provide comprehensive and structured learning materials to help you understand and master the topic of Tumour lysis syndrome for the MSRA.

Resources for Tumour lysis syndrome:

1. Tumour lysis syndrome Revision Notes for MSRA: Detailed and concise traditional revision notes covering all essential aspects of Tumour lysis syndrome, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. These notes are designed using UK NICE guidelines. Use the notes to gain an initial understanding of the topic.
2. Tumour lysis syndrome Flashcards for MSRA: Interactive flashcards to help you memorise key facts and concepts about Tumour lysis syndrome. These are perfect for quick reviews and reinforcing your knowledge.
3. Tumour lysis syndrome Accordion Q&A Notes for the MSRA: A unique feature where you can test your understanding of Tumour lysis syndrome with question-and-answer style revision notes. This format helps in active learning and retention of important information.
4. Tumour lysis syndrome Rapid Fire Quiz for MSRA: A short quiz to test your knowledge and recall of Tumour lysis syndrome-related concepts. This is an excellent way to assess your progress and identify areas that need further review.

We hope you find these resources helpful and engaging as you prepare for the MSRA.

Key Points about Tumour lysis syndrome

• Definition: Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) is a life-threatening oncological emergency that occurs when large numbers of cancer cells are rapidly destroyed, releasing intracellular contents into the bloodstream, leading to metabolic disturbances.
• Causes:
  • Rapid destruction of tumour cells, typically after chemotherapy or radiotherapy, especially in haematological malignancies like leukaemias or lymphomas.
  • Spontaneous tumour lysis in high-grade malignancies.
• Symptoms:
  • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea.
  • Muscle cramps, weakness.
  • Confusion or seizures due to electrolyte disturbances.
• Investigations:
  • Blood tests showing hyperuricaemia, hyperkalaemia, hyperphosphataemia, and hypocalcaemia.
  • Urinalysis for signs of acute kidney injury (raised creatinine).
• Management:
  • Preventative measures such as aggressive hydration and allopurinol or rasburicase to reduce uric acid levels.
  • Treatment of electrolyte imbalances with medications (e.g., calcium gluconate for hyperkalaemia, phosphate binders).
  • Dialysis in severe cases of acute kidney injury.
• Complications:
  • Acute kidney injury from uric acid and calcium phosphate deposition in the renal tubules.
  • Cardiac arrhythmias due to hyperkalaemia.
  • Seizures or tetany from hypocalcaemia.

#MSRA #MSRARevisionNotes #MSRATextbook #MSRAQuiz #MSRAQuestionBank #MSRAFlashcards #MSRAQ&ANotes #MSRAAccordions #MultiSpecialityRecruitmentAssessment #MSRAOnlineRevision #MSRARevisionWebsite #TumourLysisSyndrome #Haematology #HaematologyforMSRA

Free MSRA Podcast: Tumour Lysis Syndrome