Endometrial cancer

Introduction to Endometrial cancer

Welcome to the Endometrial cancer subsection of the Obstetrics and Gynaecology for the MSRA course.

This section is designed to provide comprehensive and structured learning materials to help you understand and master the topic of Endometrial cancer for the MSRA.

Resources for Endometrial cancer:

  1. Endometrial cancer Revision Notes for MSRA: Detailed and concise traditional revision notes covering all essential aspects of Endometrial cancer, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. These notes are designed using UK NICE guidelines and formatted in tables for easy recall.
  2. Endometrial cancer Flashcards for MSRA: Interactive flashcards to help you memorise key facts and concepts about Endometrial cancer. These are perfect for quick reviews and reinforcing your knowledge.
  3. Endometrial cancer Accordion Q&A Notes for the MSRA: Engage in active learning with question-and-answer style revision notes in the accordion format. This is useful for testing your understanding of Endometrial cancer and focusing on areas needing improvement.
  4. Endometrial cancer Rapid Fire Quiz for MSRA: A short quiz to test your knowledge and recall of Endometrial cancer-related concepts. It’s an excellent way to assess your progress and pinpoint areas for further review.

We hope you find these resources helpful and engaging as you prepare for the MSRA.

Key Points about Endometrial cancer

  • Definition: Endometrial cancer is a malignancy of the lining of the uterus (endometrium), commonly affecting postmenopausal women, and is the most common gynaecological cancer.
  • Causes:
    • Oestrogen exposure: Unopposed oestrogen therapy or endogenous oestrogen production from obesity or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).
    • Genetic factors: Lynch syndrome (hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer) increases risk.
    • Age: Mostly occurs in women over 50.
    • Other factors: Nulliparity, early menarche, late menopause, and tamoxifen use.
  • Symptoms:
    • Postmenopausal bleeding.
    • Abnormal vaginal discharge.
    • Pelvic pain in advanced stages.
    • Unexplained weight loss or fatigue in later stages.
  • Investigations:
    • Transvaginal ultrasound: To assess endometrial thickness.
    • Endometrial biopsy: To confirm diagnosis.
    • Hysteroscopy: For direct visualisation of the endometrium and guided biopsy.
    • MRI/CT scans: For staging and assessing local or distant spread.
  • Management:
    • Surgery: Total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (removal of ovaries and fallopian tubes) is the primary treatment.
    • Radiotherapy: Postoperative radiotherapy may be indicated based on stage.
    • Chemotherapy: For advanced or recurrent disease.
    • Hormone therapy: Progesterone therapy may be used in specific cases, especially in hormone-sensitive tumours.
    • Follow-up: Regular monitoring for recurrence with clinical examinations and imaging.
  • Complications:
    • Recurrence of cancer.
    • Metastasis to distant organs.
    • Psychological impact of diagnosis and treatment.
    • Post-surgical complications, such as lymphoedema or infection.

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Free MSRA Podcast: Endometrial cancer