Acute Cholecystitis
Introduction to Acute Cholecystitis
Welcome to the Acute Cholecystitis subsection of the Surgery for the MSRA course.
This section is designed to provide comprehensive and structured learning materials to help you understand and master the topic of Acute Cholecystitis for the MSRA.
Resources for Acute Cholecystitis Revision for MSRA
- Acute Cholecystitis Revision Notes for MSRA: Detailed and concise traditional revision notes covering all essential aspects of Acute Cholecystitis, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. These notes are designed using UK NICE guidelines and displayed in a table format for easy recall.
- Acute Cholecystitis Flashcards for MSRA: Interactive flashcards to help you memorise key facts and concepts about Acute Cholecystitis. These are perfect for quick reviews and reinforcing your knowledge.
- Acute Cholecystitis Accordion Q&A Notes for the MSRA: A unique feature where you can test your understanding of Acute Cholecystitis with question-and-answer style revision notes. This format helps in active learning and retention of important information.
- Acute Cholecystitis Rapid Fire Quiz for MSRA: A short quiz to test your knowledge and recall of Acute Cholecystitis-related concepts. This is an excellent way to assess your progress and identify areas that need further review.
Key Points about Acute Cholecystitis
- Definition: Acute Cholecystitis is the inflammation of the gallbladder, usually caused by obstruction of the cystic duct by a gallstone (calculous cholecystitis). It can lead to gallbladder wall infection and necrosis if untreated.
- Causes: The most common cause is gallstone impaction in the cystic duct, leading to bile retention, inflammation, and bacterial overgrowth. Acalculous cholecystitis can occur in critically ill patients without gallstones.
- Symptoms: Key symptoms include right upper quadrant pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, and Murphy’s sign (pain on palpation during inhalation). The pain is typically severe and may radiate to the right shoulder or back.
- Diagnosis: Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation, elevated inflammatory markers, and imaging. Ultrasound is the first-line imaging modality, showing gallstones, gallbladder wall thickening, or pericholecystic fluid. CT or HIDA scan may be used in complex cases.
- Management: Initial treatment includes antibiotics, fluids, and pain management. Early cholecystectomy (within 72 hours) is the definitive treatment for calculous cholecystitis. For acalculous cholecystitis or critically ill patients, percutaneous cholecystostomy may be considered.
- Complications: Without treatment, complications such as gallbladder perforation, abscess formation, and sepsis can occur. Chronic cholecystitis and biliary colic may develop in recurrent cases.
We encourage you to utilise the resources provided and explore other related topics within the Surgery for the MSRA course for a broader understanding.
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